The student teachers:

Understand the role of Hindi Teachers in the school.

Develop different teaching skills and understand their role in effective teaching.

Develop different teaching skills and understand their role in effective teaching.

Understand the significance of learning Hindi in India.

Understand different language skills and the significance of these skills in effective language learning.

(i) Importance of language in education; aims of teaching language. (ii) Multilingualism in India; place of Hindi - Hindi as a national language 1 official language / link language. (iii) Place of Hindi in non-Hindi speaking areas with special reference to the Kerala State.

(i) Linguistic aim - Acquisition of language skill viz., understanding, speaking, reading and writing; Function and development of vocabulary in day to day life. (ii) Literary and cultural aim - Mental and childhood development; developing creative efficiency. Integration aim - Hindi for national integration; Unity in diversity.

(i) Concept of objective-based teaching; Taxonomy of educational objectives. (ii) Instructional objectives - their relevance to language teaching.

Psychology of language learning - interest, impression, expression, habit formation - direct association, importance of oral work; maxims of learning.

(i) Teaching tactics, teaching methods, teaching techniques. (ii) Phases of teaching - Pre-active phase, Interactive phase, Post-active phase. (iii) Different methods and approaches - Direct method, Indirect method (grammar - translation), Structural method. Inductive-deductive approach, Play way method, Activity method, Project method, Heuristic method, Montessori method, Kindergarten method, Daltan plan, Interactive approach - a critical study of these methods for the teaching of Hindi. (iv).Developing teaching skills.

Unit VI: Acquisition of Language Skills

	(i) Oral work: - Understanding and speaking language; its importance in life - psychological approach - comprehension before speech -graded active vocabulary - drilling - creating natural situation for voluntary acquisition, assimilation and habit formation of these skills. Use of different aids to create interest - importance of correct pronunciation - teacher a model - modern equipment pronunciation of Hindi sounds - comparison with Malayalam sounds.
	(ii) Reading: - Importance of reading for mental, cultural and social development - reading after sufficient speech training - common errors in reading - remedial measures.
	(iii) Writing: - Importance in future life - special feature of Hindi scripts - Devanagari standard scripts.
Unit VII: Approaches of Teaching
	(i) Teaching of prose - aims of teaching prose lessons. (a) Language aspect - skills, vocabulary, grammar. (b) Social aspect - language for interaction, cultural development intellectual growth.
	(ii) Teaching of poetry - aims of teaching poetry lessons - appreciation of rhythm, sound, ideas, emotions, etc., development of creativity.
	(iii) Teaching of grammar - aims of teaching grammar- place of grammar in language teaching - formal and functional grammar - different methods of teaching grammar.
	(iv) Teaching of composition - aims of teaching composition. Developing the ability for oral and written expression Different types of composition.

The student teachers:

Become conversant with modern trends and methods of teaching and how they are employed in the teaching of Hindi.
Acquire ability to develop students' different skills in Hindi language are capable of developing students' skill in communicative Hindi.
Become familiar with (a) the principles of preparing textbooks in Hindi and (b) the techniques of translation.
Attain the skill in organizing co-curricular activities in schools.

Modern trends and methods of teaching - programmed learning, instructional module, simulated teaching, computer-assisted instruction, group discussion, audio-video lessons - their importance in relation to the teaching of Hindi as second language.

Language skills of students

	(i) Oral work: - Conversation, discussion, dramatisation, debate, etc. for the development of this skill. - Use of aids to minimize the intervention of mother tongue.
	(ii) Comprehension skills: - Listening and reporting taped stories, speeches and reports, commentaries on Radio and T.V.
	(iii) Reading skills: -Different methods of teaching reading - individual and group work - Silent and loud reading, intensive and extensive reading - library work- use of reference books.
	(iv) Writing skills: - Different methods of teaching writing and characteristics of good handwriting - legibility, beauty, proportion and speed - how to secure them; Handwriting scales - spelling and -causes of mistakes - transcription and dictation.
	(v) Speaking skills: - Questioning and answering in Hindi; role playing; dramatisation; dialogue practice; significance of debates and brainstorming.

Techniques to develop students' skill in communicative Hindi; procedures for the development of communicative skills of students' use of Hindi language in different situations - in business, in conferences, in reporting, in daily life and the like.

Translation - aims of teaching translation - practical and cultural value - literary value; principles of translation; free and literary translation; methods of teaching translation.

Different types of co-curricular activities in schools - academic activities, aesthetic development activities, cultural development activities, literary activities - organisation and use of Hindi library, Hindi-room, Hindi club, Hindi magazine - organisation and working of seminars, discussions, recitations, Kavisammelan, study-tours, language games.

Significance and objectives of textbooks; Types of textbooks -principles of the preparation of textbooks.

Importance, different methods, place of achievement tests and their Preparation - different types of questions - objective, short-answer and essay - their relative importance in the construction of achievement tests; diagnostic test and its uses.